A micro-Bo said, human intelligence to reach the summit at 22 years of age, 27-year-old began to subside, studies have tracked two thousand 18 years to 60 years between men and women, we found that 12 tests, there are 9 peak average age of entry is 22 years old.
This microblogging quickly forwarded thousands, not to the 22-year-old man shouted lucky, "I have a few years can salvage." More than 22-year-old man in tears, "has passed its peak," and "let me more and more stupid to spend the rest of it."
This research and the distribution map of the micro-blog from Lin Chongde editor of the "Developmental Psychology" in the "late adulthood cognitive" chapter. In 1933, Jones (A.E.Jones) and Conrad (A.S.Conrad) detecting the 10-60-year-old 1191 people, found that mental peak located between 19-21 years old. In 1932, Myers couples (Miles Miles) 7-92-year-old tested 832 people and found that intellectual peak located at age 18. In 1944 and 1955, Wexler (Wechsler) published a paper, men 25-34, women 20-24 years old intellectual peak.
Visible, studies suggest that intelligence does have a peak located around 22 years old, however, these studies published in five or six years ago. After half a century of development, the psychology of intelligence for greater awareness. And everyone old ways are very different, "22-year-old began to mental decline" is not an iron law.
Intelligence can be defined as a "universal mental abilities (general mental ability)". Intelligence can be measured indirectly, but all measurements with focus, and therefore slightly "prejudice." Psychologists spend Terman revised Stanford - Binet test questions, is a measure of the man "mental age (mental age) divided by the actual age (physical age) intelligence quotient", also known as the T-score. Spend Binet - Simon test questions measure is B score. Spend Wechsler Wechsler Intelligence Scale (Weschsler intelligence scale), measured at the same age is a person the ability to rank how intellectual center, that is, we are now the most commonly used average IQ of 100, the value of IQ (IQ ). If, as the British psychologist Charles Spearman (Charles Spearman) that uses statistical analysis "factor analysis (factor analysis)", find out "all the factors affecting intelligence tests" measure is named Spearman the "universal intelligence factor (general intelligence factor, GMA)", referred to as the g factor.
"22-year-old mental decline" microblogging, the abscissa is the age distribution graph, the ordinate is the Stanford - Binet test item of T scores (details can be seen from this, research is indeed long before), then for the measurement of intelligence is the earliest intelligence - "mental age divided by chronological age", this method is easy to overestimate the intelligence at a young age, so a person's IQ test track when, but also easy to be "child prodigy hours, big is not always good".
Now I believe that intelligence is likely to reflect the understanding of the brain to external stimuli, assessment and response speed. Faster response, higher intelligence. The brain neurons determines a person's reaction speed. Neurons to quickly discharge, to release chemical neurotransmitters, or eliminating synapses to grow, we need to maintain good physical condition. If the brain injury, illness, lack of oxygen, aging, development, poor nutrition, will affect brain neurons, intelligence also will decline. A 32-year-old rhesus monkey brain white matter, it was less than a 5-year-old adult rhesus monkeys.
If human nature seen as a "product", then the product is not "a hundred years of durable goods" in the design. Nature has given us the warranty period almost twenty years - enough to give birth to be able to pull themselves up foraging. And the warranty period has elapsed, the trouble point, is simply a matter of course. The elderly will be cognitive decline (cognitive decline), because a lot of cells, including neurons, including really are old. Memory is very important for the brain's hippocampus, important for reasoning prefrontal cortex, it will occur as we get older and functional changes. If the brain protein synthesis error, may also suffer from Alzheimer's disease is still incurable.
However, mental decline does not necessarily start from the age of 22, some people even IQ also increased significantly after the age of 30. In 1969, the 24-64-year-old psychologist Green test individual intelligence that intelligence at the age of 40 will be increased to the highest peak, and thereafter will not drop rapidly. 1956 Start of "Seattle Longitudinal Study (Seattle Longitudinal Study)" tracks more than 5,000 25-88-year-old man for 35 years, found that inductive reasoning, spatial orientation and verbal fluency three capabilities peak appears around 25 years of age, language understanding It peaked at 39 years old, mathematical abilities peak at 45 years of age, differences between cognitive ability considerably. And our research shows that most people after the age of 35 intelligence began to decline.
These are just a single dimension of intellectual considerations. Some researchers believe that intelligence can be divided into at least two kinds. Examine a person's inductive reasoning ability, test out the call fluid intelligence (fluid intelligence). Examine a person's knowledge base is measured crystallized intelligence (crystalized intelligence). In 1970, psychologist Bram, Jiawei Ke et al found that, after 73 years of fluid intelligence became apparent rapid decline, but also for the knowledge of languages such crystallized intelligence, even to the age of 85 will not be diminished.
The study also shows there is still one per cent of the lucky ones, live to old to still the mind alert and responsive. Want to keep the level of intelligence, we need to pay attention to the following key.
Do not hurt the brain's neurons. For example, do not use drugs change neurotransmitter. Any damage of vascular factors such as smoking, alcohol, hypertension, diabetes, etc., will also affect your intelligence. And can improve the body's aerobic exercise is like a "smart drugs." Alcohol and drugs do not exercise a 20-year-old brain, probably not as good as a full 60-year-old brain. Australian researchers gave some of conscious forgetfulness Australians week brisk walking two and a half hours, six months later with the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale cognitive subscale in the test, with an average of 0.26 points to enhance the exercise group, and there is no movement of the control group average 1.04 point deterioration.
The more you use the brain more intelligent, complex cognitive activities better. To read more, to play puzzle game, to participate in cultural and educational activities, travel and more receptive to new stimuli, as well as multi-master a language, all of the intelligence of great benefit.
maintain a healthy psychology. Psychological stress can affect the central nervous system. If you are burdened with the "old, stupid affirmation of the" heavy burden, elevated cortisol on brain injury is not small.
I would like to stress that is a static ability of a variety of intelligence tests measure. Some psychologists believe that in real life, intelligence is likely to be in a dynamic development. Psychologist Sternberg (Sternberg) also proposed Ternary Theory of intelligence that intelligence has three elements: component elements, elements of experience and situational factors. Traditional tests can only measure the component elements and does not adequately reflect a person's ability to solve problems in the real world. A "component of intelligence" began to decline adults, plus experience and situational factors, the entirely possible than a 22-year-olds better way to accomplish a task.
Finally, tell a true story.
In 1965, only a few dozen in the market of integrated circuit elements. Today, a computer processor in the hundreds of millions of transistors. For the US mission to the moon computer engineer Jack Garman said: "Our total processing capacity of the ground control center for all the devices, only the equivalent of a current laptop 'Apollo 11' processing power spacecraft computer. somewhere between an electronic watch and a mobile phone. "
But the computer "between an electronic watch and a mobile phone" is such, and the three astronauts on the moon. Today, people are holding more powerful than the smart phone, but the brush to brush microblogging micro letter, let Angry Birds (angry bird) hit a pig, flying bird (flappy bird) hit the post.
Intelligence is important, but more important is that you take your intelligence to do anything. 22-year-old on an ambitious mind, it is just the beginning.
Main reference:
Lin Chongde, "Developmental Psychology", People's Education Press, 2009
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