do not! Blocking! Up!
Lead: The moment you curled up in a small tin trunk, enjoying shrouded exhaust, it is the rise of all kinds of automobile exhaust pipe. If time is wasted away people's lives, then the daily traffic jam is really nothing short of a horrific mass suicide. In the end when we will say farewell to traffic jams? !
For many of the modern city, the traffic congestion is really a headache ills, which not only leads to economic waste but also pollute the environment. So what's the solution? Urban congestion can completely please the storm it?
Traffic jam can be called a common nightmare for drivers, it is not only the culprit late for work, or traveling by car on the road and ultimately troubles (who can forget May, November and that "happy" five-day tour of the highway?) . But not the worst, only worse, we look at the drivers Sao Paulo, Brazil Bar (Please pay attention to maintaining sympathetic eyes), one night in May this year, where waiting in a long queue of cars up to 344 km! Yes, 344 kilometers, equivalent to Beijing three ring, 4 rings plus 5 ring all lined motionless car. Unimaginable at the bottom surface of the driver who how long before reaching his original destination. The data from the local traffic control center.
Traffic jam is not only distracting, but also pollute the air, not only that, it can also harm people's health full. Researchers from the Harvard Center for Risk Analysis, said the United States in the 83 largest urban congestion caused at least 2200 cases of premature deaths and increase the consumption of the public health costs of $ 18 billion.
Next is the list of economic losses due to wasted time. In the United States the blocking of 10 cities, drivers sitting in cars annually in vain spent 42 hours, $ 121 billion worth wasting time and gasoline. Fellow drivers know that their old car out of gas it?
To alleviate congestion, roads continue to broaden and but this just seems to attract more cars. (Thinkstock) Of course, this is not a new problem. In the car began to boom in the 1960s, the city's designers seem to have found an obvious solution: build roads. But it seems that this is a never-ending task, the road wider and wider, can still packed with turtle speed ahead of the car. In California, for example, the 1997 study shows that only five short years, the new vehicle will fill 90% of new highway capacity. This is simply called municipalities desperate. Each city - whether Renton, Beijing or New York - the traffic problems are different, but there are several points in common: Many people insist on driving their own cars, but do not want to carpool or ride a about the way there are just looking for a third of vehicle parking spaces (think about it, enclosing your car in 8, I am afraid there are three vehicles just looking for a place to stop. of course, in a sense, they that happened); and that is the human factor: most of us who are not really a good driver (the driver who thought the first time I forgive you).
So, in the end how to do it? Some transportation planners to betting on the carpool lane vehicle (car-pool lane), more opportunities for transfer of parking (park-and-ride opportunity), as well as improving public transportation to ease congestion. Some urban programs are not so "Details", and the use of the limit line, for example, or to implement odd and even number so slightly rough passage in another way.
The driver road rage VS
However, the first step should be to solve the problem is to understand the crux of the problem. For obvious reasons, the road bottlenecks and road traffic peak. But there are traffic jams seem to occur randomly, may be just a car change lanes suddenly triggered by the "butterfly effect." A study at Georgia Tech will blame sights on two types of drivers: road rage - driving too fast, too small distance between vehicles, as well as those who are too cautious drivers, their inter-vehicle left too much space . These two types of drivers so that other drivers had to hit the brakes, then brake ripples spread on this road open.
Scientists are using a lot of analogy model to simulate traffic, from a liquid to a gas stream, and then to birds and skiers movement route. But as the University of Michigan Gabor Orosz said, "While these analogies to help us understand a little promotion, but it is becoming increasingly apparent that the traffic in Newton's universe is no other similar objects." I do not know Orosz Mr. imply here need quantum mechanics, physics tyrants who move it, if you find the answer, please do not contact me, send direct submission papers it.
Most of the modern city are suffering congestion, pollution, congestion caused by cars each year claimed thousands of lives, productivity worth billions of dollars wasted. (Thinkstock) between there are so many cars just looking for parking spaces, some cities are trying to design a report whether the free parking spaces near the system. It consists of a sensor connected to form a network of systems more efficiently help owners find empty parking spaces, and hope that this will ease congestion. The first attempt of this system in the cities of San Francisco and Los Angeles, the city two systems are provided by a subsidiary of ACS Xerox.
Two years ago, Moscow has tried this intelligent parking system, they are now using a system provided by Worldsensing company. Company co-founder Mischa Duo Leer (Mischa Dohler) says, he is also a professor at King's College Renton. He added, with nearly 20,000 smart parking Moscow can be said is the world's intelligent parking system is the most developed cities of. Rushed this, Moscow, here I come!
Congestion data is indeed declined, Duo Leer added:. "This may be because people have learned that there are no empty spaces in front, so there is no longer allowed to enter the narrow lanes of one-way"
chain reaction
But to suffer from congestion of extermination, had strong medicine down. Try to move the eyes from the road vehicle itself will happen then?
Using wireless technology that allows cars and trucks can communicate in real time, thereby make more smooth road. "Many jams are caused by humans," Orosz said, "before people react to emergency situations, there is a time delay. The result is to allow the brakes caused a ripple effect is amplified off, the whole car River would be forced to stop the flow. "said earlier, is an obstacle to human progress reflex arc!
But if we can do it in a timely manner communication between cars, then this situation will be avoided. "Your car can monitor the situation in front of five cars, and for the case to be incurred to make preparations, such as earlier but not so suddenly brakes. The information collected may be provided to the driver, including recommendations speed, or by autopilot technology to help with. "Orosz added.
Like a big city like Moscow is trying for a third of vehicle congestion is only looking at the parking situation to find a solution. (AFP / Getty Images) Orosz presiding over a technology project, the test of the 3000 car sends GPS position every 100 milliseconds.
There are other programs designed to help drivers through road congestion. Israeli companies last year Google acquired Waze rely way crowdsourcing to make congested roads become smart. Waze app is simply a car of their own Facebook, above there are other vehicles to provide traffic information, including whether congestion, whether in construction or whether the accident (I feel like the set point function in this app is inhumane!) . "Waze spend large and small streets, squeeze out the few remaining space, but make an inventory of the entire city's traffic, it has become the network connection is no longer just a few dry roads." A spokesman for the Waze Julie? Mo Sile (Julie Mossler) says.
Cars phalanx
Another company, Urban Engines, uses a slightly different strategy. The company's co-founder and chairman Shiva Kumar (Shiva Kumar) "We workers have designed a game online, it will give people some driving tips, it also has a random lottery system, in order to encourage workers to change their driving habits, such as avoiding rush hour travel and so on. "
The company spent two years and a half of the city's major transportation systems were preliminary analysis, including Bangalore and Singapore. In Bangalore, about one sixth of the people will try to split the peak period, while Singapore is one-eighth.
Also a program to get rid of congestion is on autopilot era. Google recently disclosed that they paragraph driverless cars Meng Meng, whose slogan is the congestion mitigation.
I'm a Google self-driving, feel Meng Meng da (Google)?
Autopilot really is the future? Some companies are trying to liberate people from the driver's seat. (Getty Images) "With the autopilot, car phalanx will achieve, which is a more compact way to travel as long as the number of cars under control, which will greatly slow the congestion." Duo Leer (Dohler) said.
However, it was not enough to do that, we need to give more reasons not to drive on the road. Victoria Transport Policy Institute, Canada's Todd Litman (Todd Litman) said: "The only effective long-term solution is to provide a variety of options, walking, cycling, particularly efficient public transport system." In the period of road congestion driving drivers impose additional costs might be an option. Like Singapore, Renton and cities such as Stockholm, are by this means reduced traffic. On the other hand, good public policy and no less delicious carrot, for example, the bus dedicated lanes, more beautiful subway station, Tim set the cup holder and in-car wifi and so on. wifi! wifi! wifi! wifi! Please forgive me excited ...... Litman added that these solutions can be implemented in a few months time. When confronted with major events like the Olympics or the World Cup, these practices are already hundreds of times, city events usually open lane to allow athletes and coaches to reach the venue in time. There is no traffic congestion problems during the Vancouver 2010 Winter Olympics, even if some wealthy commuters have chosen to work by bus. But when the race was over, a dedicated channel revoked, congestion enveloped once again living city. When will I be like foreigners too, like Tiananmen Square, whirring drag racing on the East Second Ring Road ah (YY in).
Some cities by driving into the center section of the vehicle subject to fines to alleviate congestion (Getty Images) Perhaps it is also a time to return to the pre-automobile era. In a car, a train before, rivers and lakes was an important inland waterways, such as the UK and Sweden.
KTH researcher Carl Gamal (Karl Garme) is directing a project called "sea 365 (Waterway 365)" project. The study was funded by the Swedish Maritime Administration, now in the demonstration stage, water transport is sufficient to examine the 365 days a year to assume the capacity of urban transport infrastructure and logistics systems. Vancouver, Sydney and Istanbul are successful use of their water transport model for the city. "The problem is not so by land or by sea, but rather to integrate the waterway to the current transportation system." Gamal said, "This means that travelers can easily transfer to different modes of transport, from the subway to the bus, and then and so on to the barge. "
Fight congestion and if you really can win, it would take a long time to wait for the fruits of victory. But if all of these programs can work even if a few, then Sao Paulo that the annals of the big traffic jams will probably be able to sleep forever in the course of history.
After reading the article? Well, please follow the car in front of you and then move 5 meters.
(Compiled: Li Xiang)
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