Most of the dogs are never late, especially when eating, every day they know when and where to eat and so on. They also know when the owner will come home, but also prospective than the clock, always on time at the door waiting for you to open the door. When you see a dog these moves, you would think that dog has a complex system of perception of time, but in the end time for dogs is what?
Experts say one year is equivalent to seven dog, this theory can tell us the way dogs perceive time it? In fact, and "people a year," "dog year" refers to two biologically comparison on life, and can not be used as a dog perceived standard time.
In order to clear the way dogs perceive time, we first need to explain the way people perceive time. Different people have different ways of sensing time at different times. Einstein once explained: "If a man sitting next to a beautiful woman for an hour, the hour for the men, the equivalent of a minute, but if you let him sit in a hot place for a minute, this minute for him it will be longer than one hour. "
While the length of time for different individuals of different relative, but for all of them have similar time perception. Such as memory and on the way we perceive the passage of time are closely linked. We remember the sequence of events of the past for our perception of time plays an important role, in addition to that we have some ability to predict, not super powers, but each of us can about what will happen a certain understanding , such as the sun will rise tomorrow. These capabilities has important implications for the role, such as memory and ability to predict make us feel coherent, aware of their existence and their own past what happened.
So whether dogs have similar capabilities? If you got into the dog's mind whether it will see a scene like gnawing on a bone in the morning put the movie to reproduce?
How the dog's memory work?
Research on how dogs perceive time is limited, but we can through the study of other animals to speculate dog perception of time, such as rodents, birds and primates. Through extensive research, William Roberts (William Roberts) in animal memory and premonition other topics drawn a lot of impressive results. He believes that animals are "stuck in time", meaning that they do not have ability to form memories, the animals can only live in the present time, they can not mentally "travel through time", as we humans are free find a memory and to judge what would happen.
Many people might think that this is a fallacy, because we can train an animal, do not rely on animal training animals that memories?
William Roberts is not the case that the animals may be able to accept the same training as a child to complete a specific action, but according to research on children, children at the age of four before you can learn a lot of things, such as walking or crawling on the ground, but they simply can not remember where or how to learn in these actions. Because they can not form memories, that is to say they can not remember the past what happened. Dogs can also be the case in the absence of memory on a variety of commands to respond, does not mean that they remember what they are learning these instructions.
This does not explain all of our questions, such as how to accurately judge the dog owner's arrival. According to William Roberts's theory, which is the animal's biological rhythms inside the brain at work. By pigeons experiments, the scientists found that their internal clock tells the brain when and where they can find food. Similarly, the body of a dog by the timing of hormone secretion, body temperature and the nervous excitement of the timing can be achieved determine whether food has been loaded into a bowl or if you want to master home. This eliminates the need to remember the last meal has passed away or how long the master was coming home, while the exact reaction time is determined according to stimulate the body.
We already know that the dog does not like people store memories, so dogs like people to judge whether the future?
Whether animals can learn and plan without a concept of time in the case?
Humans have two important capabilities perception of time: we can remember the sequence of events, we can also determine what future needs or will happen. Studies have shown that animals may have both capabilities, but no human sensitivity.
Scientists have studied the animal's working memory (short term memory) and reference memory (long term memory), in order to test the animals the ability to remember the sequence of events. In working memory tests, pigeons and primates need a certain pecking order or to get something to get the reward. Animals can be a good pass this test, but their memory will soon fade. Roberts believes they are the vague memory gradually strengthened, not really in the "learn" or "remember" the order.
Other researchers found that pigeons and monkeys in the reference memory test performance is good, even for learning and testing with an interval of time, but these animals need quite a lot of training to be able to get good results, which proved Roberts theory, the animals do not have the innate ability to learn. These experiments also proved that animals and humans have different methods of sensing time, unlike humans through reliable as sophisticated memory capabilities to determine the sequence of events.
In addition, the future needs of the animal and reward judgment is not very good, the researchers believe that they may not be the future of this concept. Such as pigeons and rats will choose a small short-term incentives, long-term and will not choose a big reward. In one test, the researchers gave primate choose one of two bonus - a banana or two bananas, it is conceivable, the animals will choose two bananas. But the number of bananas gradually increased, large reward becomes ten banana, half of the animals will choose five chance of bananas because they are not hungry to eat banana ten point. Roberts concluded that the animal just to meet current needs, without considering for the future hunger. This is very different human beings, human beings usually take into account the future needs to prepare in advance, such as humans packaged food company to go ahead or retirement plans.
But pine and other animals have the habit of storing food for the winter, this behavior people think that animals have the ability to predict the future, but it is not. Even when the animals can not find food, they will still continue to store a variety of other things, this means that the animals do not know why they want to store stuff, just instinct to hoard what they could find, and human purpose is very clear and in action frustrated when to change the plan immediately.
According to Roberts resulting animals are "stuck in time" theory, perception of time may be a uniquely human and innate ability, but perhaps humans can learn from their "living in the moment" life to an animal attitude.
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