In China, children with diarrhea is ranked second (behind respiratory infections) a common disease. In the next 6 to 10 months is the peak season of diarrhea in children, many parents fatherhood motherhood are often helpless. So, children with diarrhea how to do it?
Pediatric medical profession refers to children aged 0 to 14 years, during which the vast majority have not yet sexually mature. Therefore, the gender distinction is not obvious disease. Medications need to calculate the child's body weight to be given. These are adults and not the same place. So what is diarrhea? I believe everyone has had personal experience. Simply put: increased stool frequency (daily 3 times) and the stool is not forming a thin paste or watery stools. A cough, diarrhea also is a symptom, one of many diseases can cause symptoms. And the symptoms will cause harm, and this cough and a little different. Acute diarrhea can cause dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, acidosis, and so serious harm. Chronic diarrhea will cause malnutrition, stunted growth, and so on. Therefore, parents of children with diarrhea more to arouse enough attention.
Diarrhea in children 2 years of age for most infants, this is why? It turned out that after the baby is born, the body's various organs and tissues are immature, and this point I believe we can understand. Take the infant digestive tract, the stomach acid is not enough acid, the amount of secretion and less, which results in reduced bactericidal digestive enzyme activity is low, less secretion, it will result in reduced ability to but due to the rapid growth of infants and young children , demand for energy and nutrients will be high, it will cause the burden of the gastrointestinal and lack of coordination of the nervous system, can lead to gastrointestinal and gastrointestinal immunity is low, the intestinal flora etc., they are infants and young children more vulnerable to diseases internal. If you can not breastfeed, breast milk also lack anti-infective substances. Now known breast milk contains hundreds of components, which can be a blessing for milk manufacturers manufactured. Moreover, there is also more immune cells, immunoglobulins, human growth factor. Like on macrophages, neutrophils, lymphocytes, secretory IgA, IgG, IgM, IgD, prevent cholera bacteria binding glycoprotein, mucin prevent mushroom Streptococcus and Escherichia coli in combination, lactose fibronectin binding to prevent rotavirus and many more. These are not artificial feeding that can be replaced. Artificial feeding of dairy products will also bring pollution and so on, these are the external factors, and also non-infectious external factors.
In the non-infectious external factors, it is often well below those reasons. For example, prey diarrhea (ie, improper feeding), the lack of primary or secondary disaccharide enzymes, food allergies, food intolerance, and hot and cold weather and so on.
Prey diarrhea: in a nutshell is this: eating too much or too little, not in accordance with scientific feeding, complementary feeding, and this will cause any diarrhea. Such as carbohydrates too much, it will lead to the relative lack of amylase, causing indigestion, pediatric stool was green water, or paste-like. Too much protein, and pediatric stool was brown water will dilute, pungent smell of rotten eggs. Overeating fat, pediatric stool was gray stools, smell heavier. This article discusses how the science is not feeding.
Lactose intolerance: Lactose is milk and other dairy products in the form of sugar. Due to the lack of lactase in the intestine to digest lactose, lactase activity or weak, it will lead to intestinal lactose product backlog. The lactose-free products are "hypertonic", it will absorb water, the water will suck out of the intestinal wall, for penetration. Intestinal water more than one, will be diarrhea. This is the osmotic diarrhea. Therefore, the method of treatment is to give less lactose-free or lactose-containing dairy products, such as yogurt, cheese and removes lactose formula. There is a small number of drinking milk, let gastrointestinal gradually to adapt.
Milk allergy: milk allergy and lactose intolerance symptoms are somewhat similar, there are bloating, abdominal pain, diarrhea and other symptoms, but there is milk allergy itchy skin, hives and eczema, allergic rhinitis and other allergic symptoms. This is due to their different nosogenic caused. These days science we all know protein is digested into amino acids in the gut and then absorbed, but there will be some trace protein without digesting namely intestinal absorption into the blood, so the body's proteins will become "allergen" stimulate lymphocytes to produce immunoglobulin E (IgE), when this next time trace protein into the body, and will be binding IgE immune response, leading to allergy symptoms. So for infants, breast milk is the best food for infants allergic to milk substitute other food use, but do not use the milk of other mammals (such as milk) because of cross immunity occur. Preferably a vegetable protein (soy milk, soy milk) and so on. Stop taking three years, you can try a small amount.
In addition, children can also cause bowel motility to accelerate the cold caused by diarrhea. Appropriate to keep warm.
In the external there is a class of infectious agents, that is, the pathogen that causes diarrhea. Currently pathogen known to cause diarrhea in many dozens, of which the majority of bacteria and viruses. Bacterial aspiring Shigella, E. coli, Salmonella, Yersinia, Vibrio cholerae, etc., viral rotavirus, adenovirus, astrovirus, small round virus, calicivirus, etc. Above this bacteria that bacteria, in addition to E. coli, Vibrio cholerae, other people may be unfamiliar. You might mention some popular name is easy to understand. Shigella, known as including salmonella typhoid, paratyphoid.
Diagnosis of infantile diarrhea easier. But the treatment has some new ideas.
1. The traditional view of acute diarrhea, fasting requirements. But new ideas are encouraged to continue feeding, unless children have severe vomiting after eating or bloating, diarrhea obvious, it can temporarily fasting 4-6 hours.
2. should be given to a small number of rich and easy to digest food nutrition in children. Avoid food containing crude fiber vegetables and fruits, as well as high-sugar foods. Children with acute diarrhea have been added previously been able to continue to eat food supplement, but avoid greasy, fatty foods. Not eaten food supplement to wait until later to add diarrhea cure.
3. Children with persistent and chronic diarrhea due to the intestinal mucosal lesions caused by microvilli atrophy, intestinal epithelial cell damage, lack of disaccharide enzyme, double sugar (sucrose, lactose, maltose) digestion and absorption dysfunction, could easily lead to a disaccharide (in particular lactose) intolerance, the diet should be removed disaccharide, choose lactose-free milk or soy milk powder lactose (milk commonly known as diarrhea)
4. Children with dehydration is not serious, then we can accept the WHO recommended ORS (oral rehydration salts), reducing the need for intravenous rehydration.
5. Avoid diarrhea give non-standard antibiotic treatment, because such treatment will increase both ineffective adverse reactions, but also lead to bacterial resistance. Even when the use of antibiotics, some drugs for children are also to be avoided. For example, the treatment of bacterial diarrhea good results quinolones, can affect bone development in children, it should be avoided.
6. overwhelming evidence that about 70% watery diarrhea, mostly rotavirus or enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) infection, shall not be treated with antibiotics, fluid therapy in children with good self-healing and more. But some doctors prefer to use for viral diarrhea little positive effect, significant side effects of traditional Chinese medicine injection, such as Xiyanping.
7. It has been reported that the zinc supplementation can reduce fecal excretion, reduce the number of diarrhea and shorten the duration of diarrhea, prevent diarrhea repeatedly. Specific Usage: Can verdict after eating zinc treatment, six months or more elemental zinc 20mg daily supplement of children, children under 6 months of supplementary elemental zinc 10mg daily for 10 ~ 14d (equivalent to 20mg of elemental zinc zinc sulfate 100mg, zinc gluconate 140mg).
8. The other drugs. Mucosal protective agents smectite (Smecta); intestinal nutrients required for the growth enkephalinase inhibitor racecadotril, can inhibit intestinal secretion. For children it is a safe and effective antidiarrheal drugs, in 24 to 48 hours to control diarrhea.
to sum up
Infant feeding in the promotion of breastfeeding. This is not only reflected in the balance of economic and nutrients in breast milk, breast milk, but also embodies the anti-infective above. Breast milk contains immune cells, immune globulin, anti-infective protein, lysozyme, an anti-infective free fatty acids, hormones, and various growth factors and the like. Therefore, breast milk is a juice full of vitality, and now the world has no manufacturer can produce products meet or exceed the breast.
If the lack of breast milk, the artificial feeding is also an option. But it must be done: scientific feeding, reasonable plus pay attention to hygiene to avoid infection.
In the treatment of diarrhea in children: not fasting, diet try oral, intravenous caution antibiotics, without the Monte protect mucous membranes, nutrition racecadotril, inhibit intestinal secretion. Finally, do not forget to zinc.
(Author: iced tea 62)
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