Many people who have a birthmark (birthmark), it may be a different color green blue, brown, red, etc., the size and position of existence vary. Birthmark may be present at birth, it may also be in a few months after birth gradually emerge, it may last a lifetime, it may slowly disappear with age.
In ancient times, people have a birthmark had misunderstandings, my god spread birthmark kick from behind kick to help children born with traces of other legends, there is an association between the birthmark and the past, the ghost say, some Western countries that the child with the mother during pregnancy birthmark body of emotions, of course, the fact is not the case.
Birthmark is divided into many types: Mongolian spot, coffee spot, Ota, congenital stains, hairy nevus, sebaceous nevus, neonatal stains, wine stains, hemangiomas, cavernous hemangiomas. By type can be divided into type of pigment and vascular type.
Pigmented birthmarks are due to the abnormal development of pigment cells caused by common are:
Mongolian spot (Mongolian Spots): This yellow birthmark in humans is extremely common, hence the name "Mongolian spot." Scientific name is an increase in congenital dermal melanocytes disease, location is usually in the lumbosacral region and buttocks, pale blue, blue-gray or blue-black patchy, a bit like bruising, skin feels smooth, flat and other parts of the there is no difference. Mongolian spot as the baby will grow up naturally fade after a few years without any traces of having to deal with. Note that there is a pigment cell tumor - cell type blue nevus, appearance and Mongolian spot is somewhat similar, but the texture is more solid, malignant blue nevus may be, may consider surgery.
Coffee spots (Cafe-Au-Lait Spots) : can occur in any part of the body, pale brown, usually approximate oval, with age gradually become larger, darker, a person who has one or two coffee spots It is normal, generally do not bring health problems. But if both coins larger than several coffee spot, will have to consider the possibility of suffering from neurofibromatosis, attention should be paid.
Ota (nevus of Ota): also known as brown blue nevus on the palate, eye skin melanocyte hyperplasia, is a Japan Ota by a doctor first described autosomal dominant genetic disease, affecting the sclera and the trigeminal nerve, appearance gray-blue stain sheet, stain color also often deepens with age, usually occurs in yellow and black, more common in women. May begin to appear in the first year, it may appear to adolescence.
Congenital stains (Congenital Nevi): congenital stains belong to one of benign dermal melanocytes, can occur in any part of the body, the performance of various shapes, present at birth in the stains, a small diameter about a few millimeters, it can be a big violation of the entire back, neck or whole body. Give birth and nurture of stains is different, congenital nevus color range is typically larger, about 10% have malignant tendency, and some also with vascular nevi, lipoma or neurofibromas. Therefore larger congenital stains should be removed by surgery, such as surgical difficulty, it should be checked regularly.
Vascular birthmarks are usually benign vascular tumor, caused by the variation of the superficial blood vessels, mostly in red, is also known as "red birthmark." But the "red birthmark" can be divided into many types, different types have different characteristics, for the removal, also have different treatment options and prognosis. Different types of hemangiomas can coexist in the same person. Common are:
Neonatal stains (Salmon Patches): higher incidence, often located in the forehead, upper eyelids, eyebrows (also known as the "Angel's Kiss"), the Ministry of items (also known as "stork bite spot"). Usually irregular edges pink or light brown patches, when hand soft reduction will fade, when the baby is crying more obvious. Most self-limiting in the first year, no rush to treatment.
Wine stain (Port Wine Stains, PWS): actually micro congenital malformation, often located in the head and neck, and sometimes involving the mucosa, showed a number of irregular edges, dark red or blue red patches, you can see to telangiectasia, Gently press fade. Initially smooth, lesions in children with growth and expand, even become thickened nodule, involving the side of the body and a large stain often lifelong refundable. Currently dye laser therapy is more effective and proven method of treatment. In addition, some other people will be complicated by systemic vascular malformations, such as port-wine stains along one side of the trigeminal nerve distribution area, suggesting that glaucoma, leptomeningeal vascular malformation (Sturge-Weber syndrome), need active treatment.
Capillary hemangioma (Strawberry Hemangiomas, also known as strawberry hemangioma, hemangioma simplex): occurs in the head and neck, back and chest, usually several clear boundary, bulges, soft red or purple lumps, the shape of "strawberry." Usually only appeared a few weeks after birth, within a few months increased most in the age of 1 to the maximum length, and then began to subside. It looks serious, but in fact does not affect the health of the most, 75% -95% of the patients in 5-7 years can be completely dissipated or incomplete, so most do not need to rush to treatment. However, if unfortunately long in the eye or perioral bleed easily or other site of infection, they need treatment.
Cavernous hemangioma (Cavernous Hemangiomas): occur in the head and neck, often occurs in the skin and mucous membranes, if looked like a deep, covered skin looks no abnormalities, it is easy to be ignored. Most big irregular or round, soft purple lumps by hand will be reduced when the pressure, let go after recovery. If you increase it may rupture or secondary infection. Furthermore, in addition to the skin, cavernous hemangioma can involve various parts of the body, such as bone, liver, muscles and intestines, etc., because it is a benign disease, generally do not have symptoms, and only when it continues to increase impact or compression of vital organs when draw attention.
Newborns have birthmarks are very common, most of the birthmark just impede the appearance, without treatment. However, some birthmarks are with malignant disease may, even with other tissues and organs associated disease, or suggest other body organs such as hidden defects, and other systemic diseases, should pay due attention, aggressive treatment. For example, excessive proliferation of cavernous hemangioma may cause dismemberment or dysfunction, tissue necrosis, coagulation and some long hair congenital stains may be cancerous, the development of malignant melanoma, cancer metastasis will lead to death.
In addition, if long birthmark on the face, hands and upper parts of clear, easy troubling, low self-esteem emotional, psychological development of children. Currently the primary means of treatment of birthmarks include pulsed laser therapy, surgical therapy, cryotherapy, carbon dioxide laser treatment.
Licensing and commercial cooperation, please contact zhidaoribao@baidu.com, Baidu know the daily chase responsibility and rights reserved.
Article Source: Baidu know daily (http://zhidao.baidu.com/daily)
Original link: http: //zhidao.baidu.com/daily/view id = 4220?